Lining for metal parts of oil-cracking apparatus



April 7, 1931. L. c. HUFF 1,799,234

LINING FOR METAL PARTS OF OIL CRACKING APPARATUS Original Filed April 2l, 1926 2 Sheets-Shea?I 1V APF 7, 1931. l.. c. HUFF 1,799,234 I LINING FOR MTAL PARTS OF OIL CRACKING APPARATUS Original Filed April 21, l1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 the particular Patented Apr. 7, 1931 PATENT OFFICE LYMAN c. nur, or cmcaoo, rumors, conm, or emesso, rumors,

ASSIGNOB TO UNIVERSAL OIL PRODUCTS A CORPORATION OF SOUTH DAKOTA LINDTG METAL PARTS OF Oni-CRACKING APPARATUS' Application led April 21, 1928, serial No. 108,477. Renewed April 7, 1930.

This invention relates to improvements in alining for the metal parts of an oil cracking apparatus, and refers more the idea of lining a vessel, tu e, pipe, or the like such as the dephlegmator, reaction chamber, heating tube, transfer lines or the like of an oil cracking apparatus for the primary purpose of preventing corrosion and consequent deterioration of the inner walls of said metal tubes, chambers, piping and the like heretofore referred to.

Inits specific embodiment, the present invention contemplates that the inner wall of ipe or chamber will be provided with a lining of metal, said lining being provided longitudinally and `transversely with spaced expansion folds or flexible joints, the latter functioning to take up and compensate for the difference in expansion between the lining per se and the metal wall of the ipe or vessel of which it forms a lining.

Tlie oil industry at the present time is faced with a very serious corrosion problem, particularly in the reaction chamber, dephlegmator and adjacent communicating piping, and the solution of this problem, therefore, becomes of vital importance. The present invention has been erfected to solve this very serious problem 1n a highly advantageous manner. y

Heretofore vessels and piping of an oil cracking apparatus have been lined. This lining has failed in its purpose because provisionv was not made for the increase in expansion of the lining per se as compared with the metal wall of the element of which it formed the lining. This fcaused the lining to buckle and bulge and tear apart in a comparatively short time.

The resent invention provides for expansion fo ds or flexible joints connecting sections of lining material, which expansion folds function to4 take up and compensate for the difference in expansion between the lining and the wall of the element.

In the drawings, Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional elevational view, illustrating the ada tation of my invention to Eer of an oil cracking apparatus;

articularly to Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view on line 2 2 of Flg. 1;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary crosssectional plan of an expansion fold, illustratn d both the transverse and longitudinal shown in Fig.`3;

Figs. v5 and 6 illustrate different methods of constructing the expansion folds, and are r.modifications of Fig. 3.

Referring in detail to the drawings, 1 designates the metal wall of an expansion chamber provided with the upper and lower manhole plates 2, and preferably insulated as shown at 3, This expansion chamber forms part of an oil cracking apparatus, it having been thought unnecessary to describe in detail the inlets and outlets for vapors, heated oil, unvaporized residue and the like, since it is obvious that these are provided in the commercial unit. Inside of the chamber 1 is mounted an internal lining referred to as a whole 4. This internal lining 4 preferably comprises separate sheets of fiat metal curved to conform to the curvature of the wall 1. A section may be referred to at 5. Centrally of the Section5, there is provided a hole 6, the purpose of which will be hereinafter explained. Between the sections 5 are connected the ktransverse expansion folds 7 and longitudinal expansion folds 8. These expansion folds may comprise separate pieces, as shown in Figs. 1 to 4, welded to the sections of lining 5, as shown at 9. The eX- pansion folds 7 and 8 function to compensate for and take up the increased expansion of the lining as comparedt'o that of the outer shell, thus preventing buckling of the inner lining and protecting the side walls of the shell itself fromthe corrosion action of the va ors contained therein.

t is proposed that the sections 5 comprising the lining willbe placed in the vessel bel fore the head of the vessel is welded in place, although the invention contemplates that Fig. 4 is a face view of the construction the lining may be cut into small sections,

e interior of the vessel. Util afterthe head is welded on the vessel,the

individual pieces comprisin the lining are assembled in their proper p ace and the expansion folds welded in place between them. The lining may be anchored to the outer shell at central points in the plates so that the expansion will be outward from the center of the. plates and into the expansion folds. One method of anchoring is to provide the clrcular hole 6 in the centei` of the plate, which may be subsequently filled by electric welding flush with the inner surface of the llmng. This forms an excellent anchor and causes the expansion of the lining to be directed into the expansion folds. l

It will be obvious to those skilled in the art that I have, in effect, provideda lining which forms a complete container placed inside the vessel, and, as before pointed out, the lining can be readily installed while the vessel is eing manufactured, or may be made in small sections and inserted through the manhole openings. The manholes may be made of -any special material that will withstand the corrosion action of vapors, such-as aluminum and chromium alloy steel, or may be constructed of ordinary steel of any desired thickness. As it wears away, due to corrosion, using the latter material, it can be conveniently replaced since it does not aiect the structural strength ofthe vessel itself.

I have illustrated the invention as being applied to the reaction chamber of a cracking apparatus. It is understood that the invention is not limited to use with an expansion chamber, but contemplates the insertion of aJining. with expansion folds in anymetal element of a cracking apparatus where corrosion might attack the metal wall of that element. V v

Figs. 5 and 6 show different methods of constructing the expansion folds. In the construction shown in Figs. 5 and 6, the edges of the lining are flanged outwardly, as shown at 10, and the tips are welded together, as shown at 11. It is understood, of course, that the metal lining itself may be made of corro sive-resistant material. The expansion folds a s above described, may take the form of a separate metal piece of the bellows type, as shown in Fig. v3, or the ends of the lining may be-anged outwardly and the tips welded together. It isvunderstood, of course, that the metal of the lining is thoroughly annealed after shaping.

I claim as my invention:

1. In combination with the walls of metal elements of an oil cracking apparatus, a metal lining therefor, comprising a plurality of separate sections each anchored to the wall of the metal element at a central point of the section, whereby the sections expand from their centrally anchored points and e ansion folds formed from a different meta interposed vbetween and at all sides of said secof said sections. LYMAN C. HUFF.

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